Inflation eased further off a 40-year high in August, but by less than expected, and a key measure jumped sharply, signaling that a painful bout of price increases won't fade quickly.
Overall prices increased 8.3% from a year earlier, down from an 8.5% rise in July and a 40-year high of 9.1% in June, as rising food and rent costs offset falling gasoline prices, according to the Labor Department's Consumer Price Index.
Economists surveyed by Bloomberg had estimated yearly inflation would fall to 8%.
On a monthly basis, consumer prices edged up 0.1% after flatlining in July. Economists had forecast a similar-size decline.
Core prices, which exclude volatile food and energy items and generally provide a better measure of longer-term trends, increased a larger-than-expected 0.6% following a 0.3% rise the previous month. That bumped the annual increase from 5.9% to 6.3%, the sharpest gain in five months.
Cynthia Woltjer, of Indianapolis, is spending less on gas, but any savings have been eaten up by an $85 monthly increase in property taxes because her home value leaped higher during the hot housing market of the past two years. Meanwhile, she’s spending an extra $50 every two weeks on groceries for her and her husband.
“Inflation has not gone down,” says Woltjer, 63. “I don’t care what the numbers say.”
Stocks got clobbered after the report was released, as investors feared another big rate hike by the Federal Reserve on Sept. 21 to tame rising consumer prices. The blue-chip Dow Jones Industrial Average tumbled about 878 points, or 2.7%, as of 2 p.m.. EST. The S&P 500, the basis for many mutual funds, fell about 3%. Yields on 10-year Treasurys, which move in the opposite direction of their prices, rose to 3.43%.
"While consumers saw some welcome relief in energy prices in August, price pressures remained stubborn," Contingent Macro Research wrote in a note to clients.
The good news: Gas prices dropped sharply for a second straight month, tracing the decline in oil costs amid worries that a global recession will hammer consumer demand. Pump prices slid 10.6% from the previous month, but were still up 25.6% annually. Unleaded regular averaged $3.71 a gallon Tuesday, down from $3.97 a month ago and $4.70 in early July. Further declines are likely coming, says Goldman Sachs, citing futures markets.
Shelly Bauer, of Renton, Washington, says it’s costing her $67 a week to fill her Volkswagen Jetta Wagon with diesel fuel, down from $92 a couple of months ago. So she’s resumed weekend excursions to state parks, visits to friends across the state and museums in downtown Seattle.
“I really find it helpful,” she says. “I like being able to go out and see people.”
Grocery prices, though, rose by 0.7% from July and are up 13.5% over the past 12 months. Prices for wheat and corn have eased in recent months, but remain volatile.
Barclays economist Pooja Sriram says food inflation likely peaked in August, but the yearly increase will stay high over the coming months.
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In August, bread prices rose 2.2% from the previous month and 16.2% from a year earlier. Chicken costs increased by 0.5% and are up 16.6% yearly. And eggs jumped 2.9% and 39.8% from a year ago.
Some food costs eased. Bacon prices fell 0.5%. And fish prices declined 0.6%.
Gone from Woltjer's shopping cart are chips and other snacks, along with cereal and wine. She also has cut out impulsive Amazon purchases and monthly visits to Kohl’s and DSW, the shoe warehouse. She recently decided to forgo a $120 purchase of new running shoes, though the cushions in her existing pair are wearing thin.
“I think I’ll have to wait,” she says.
Other price trends were mixed. Rent leaped 0.7% monthly, and 6.7% over the past year, as landlords offset a surge in housing sale prices. Economist Paul Ashworth of Capital Economics says a substantial moderation in rent increases is coming early next year, based on new rental contracts.
Medical-care services increased 0.8% and 5.6% yearly. And new-vehicle costs advanced 0.8%, and 10.1% annually.
But airline fares fell 4.6% and have declined for three straight months. Used-car prices dipped 0.1%. And appliance prices dropped 1.2%.
Ashworth says the report solidifies Fed plans to raise its key short-term interest rate next week by three-quarters of a percentage point for a third straight month. It could even fuel talk of a percentage point hike, though he adds that’s unlikely.
Economists do still expect inflation to slow in coming months, with consumers’ inflation expectations, which affect actual price movements, nearly back to normal levels, Ashworth says.
Also, supply chain bottlenecks have eased and retailers' bloated inventories should spur price discounts, Sriram says.
At the same time, persistent worker shortages will likely maintain upward pressure on wages, Sriram says, likely prompting restaurants, hotels and other employers to continue to nudge prices higher.
Contributing: Elisabeth Buchwald
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