A child prodigy from Iowa is making a nationwide name for herself in the game of chess.

Her name is Irene Fei and she's ranked as the best chess player for her age group in the U.S.

Her hope is to be the best in the world and she hasn't been playing that long.

"Almost two years, like one and a half," Irene Fei said.

Irene's parents were approached by one of her teachers about her chess-playing skills.

She now dedicates two hours a day to practice and her parents support her passion.

"We are very proud of her. And we can see how hardworking she is every day," said her mother Yan Jiao.

"This is actually something that just really amazes us because it's not easy," added her father Zhej Fei.

She's taken home many titles from tournaments amounting to medals and trophies as big as she is. Irene says the love of the game keeps her coming back.

"I like the tactics and my favorite piece is the knight. My strategy is like maybe sometimes taking advantage for grabbing more space," Irene Fei added.

Irene is now training for the international chess tournament in Florida this June.

She hopes to become the best female chess player in the world.

Watch the video above for the full story.

Has inflation reached a peak? Three signs that prices could soon come down

Updated: 11:28 PM EDT May 1, 2022

Inflation is at a 40-year high, and Americans are feeling it.A gallon of gas costs about double what it cost in January 2021. Home prices were up a whopping 19.8% year-over-year in February. And, in March, groceries cost 10% more than they did a year earlier.Thankfully some analysts think that the burden could soon ease, and that we've reached an inflationary top.This week, the Federal Reserve will meet and likely announce plans to raise interest rates, a tool used to combat rampant inflation. However, investors fear that accelerating the pace of interest rate hikes could drag the economy into recession.Ryan Detrick, chief market strategist for LPL Financial, thinks it's likely that inflation has already reached a peak on its own, and that the Fed could start to pull back on interest rates by the second half of the year.The core personal consumption expenditures index, which the Federal Reserve closely watches to measure the price of goods and services, grew by 5.2% in March, excluding food and energy prices, coming in below economists' expectations and falling on a monthly basis for the first time since October 2020. Detrick points to three key economic indicators for that belief: a drop in used car prices, a lack of "sticky" inflation, and a relative easing in supply chain chaos (though China's COVID-related shutdowns could put an end to that).The chip shortage caused by supply chain kinks and Russia's invasion of Ukraine, has made getting a new car very difficult, and the prices of used cars and trucks have correspondingly soared. In February, the price of a used car was up about 45% year-over-year, according to the Manheim Used Car Value Index. But it has since come down to about 25%. Two months of declines show that the prices of used cars, which make up 4% of the consumer price index, could finally be reverting back to pre-pandemic levels.The Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta breaks inflation into two categories: sticky and flexible. Sticky inflation is a basket of goods that tends to change more slowly and permanently in price, things like the cost of education, public transportation and motor vehicle insurance. Flexible inflation includes items that move up and down in cost more quickly: gas, clothing, milk and cheese.During the stagflation of the 1970s, both sticky and flexible inflation grew. But so far sticky inflation has remained relatively flat compared with flexible inflation, a good sign that this could still be temporary.Of course, it could take some time for sticky inflation to play catch up, but Detrick says he's optimistic. Flexible inflation is like a rubber band, he said, you can stretch it pretty far and it will still snap back.And though shutdowns in China could hurt the global supply chain, it does appear that problems are easing -- at least for now. If businesses can easily obtain more supplies, the prices of materials go down and consumers won't be charged as much for goods and services, said Detrick.Shipping rates from Shanghai to Los Angeles, New York and Rotterdam are down 28% on average from the peak last year, according to LPL Financial's data. Schedule reliability for container ships is also continuing to improve, according to new data from analytics firm Sea-Intelligence. March also marked the third consecutive month of declines in average delays for container ships.The move lower in inflation could be sudden as a result, especially for durable goods, said Detrick. Still, he warned, it's hard to tell if we're seeing the light at the end of the tunnel — or an oncoming train.

For years, pediatricians have followed flawed guidelines linking race to risks for urinary infections and newborn jaundice. In a new policy announced Monday, the American Academy of Pediatrics said it is putting all its guidance under the microscope to eliminate "race-based" medicine and resulting health disparities.

Related video above: Doctor discusses review process for COVID-19 vaccines for children under 4 years old

A re-examination of AAP treatment recommendations that began before George Floyd's 2020 death and intensified after it has doctors concerned that Black youngsters have been undertreated and overlooked, said Dr. Joseph Wright, lead author of the new policy and chief health equity officer at the University of Maryland's medical system.

The influential academy has begun purging outdated advice. It is committing to scrutinizing its "entire catalog," including guidelines, educational materials, textbooks and newsletter articles, Wright said.

"We are really being much more rigorous about the ways in which we assess risk for disease and health outcomes," Wright said. "We do have to hold ourselves accountable in that way. It's going to require a heavy lift."

Dr. Brittani James, a family medicine doctor and medical director for a Chicago health center, said the academy is making a pivotal move.

"What makes this so monumental is the fact that this is a medical institution and it's not just words. They're acting," James said.

In recent years, other major doctor groups including the American Medical Association have made similar pledges. They are spurred in part by civil rights and social justice movements, but also by science showing the strong roles that social conditions, genetics and other biological factors play in determining health.

Last year, the academy retired a guideline calculation based on the unproven idea that Black children faced lower risks than white kids for urinary infections. A review had shown that the strongest risk factors were prior urinary infections and fevers lasting more than 48 hours, not race, Wright said.

A revision to its newborn jaundice guidance — which currently suggests certain races have higher and lower risks — is planned for this summer, Wright said.

Dr. Nia Heard-Garris, head of an academy group on minority health and equity and a pediatrician at Chicago's Lurie Children's Hospital, noted that the new policy includes a brief history "of how some of our frequently used clinical aids have come to be — via pseudoscience and racism."

Whatever the intent, these aids have harmed patients, she said.

"This violates our oath as physicians — to do no harm — and as such should not be used,″ Heard-Garris said.

Dr. Valerie Walker, a specialist in newborn care and health equity at Nationwide Children's Hospital in Columbus, Ohio, called the new policy "a critical step" toward reducing racial health disparities.

The academy is urging other medical institutions and specialty groups to take a similar approach in working to eliminate racism in medicine.

"We can't just plug up one leak in a pipe full of holes and expect it to be remedied," said Heard-Garris. "This statement shines a light for pediatricians and other healthcare providers to find and patch those holes."

The Supreme Court appears to be on the cusp of ending its 49-year-old legal precedent that protects abortion rights nationwide if the majority signs on to a draft opinion obtained and published by Politico on Monday.

The revelation of the draft opinion does not have an immediate effect on abortion access. If the apparent majority willing to overturn Roe v. Wade stays firm, the precedent would not be overturned until the formal release of the court's ruling, which is likely to come in June.

But the ruling previewed in the draft authored by Justice Samuel Alito would upend abortion access by giving states the ability to decide how aggressively to restrict access to the procedure. Here's what to know.

What is the draft opinion?

A draft opinion is just what it sounds like, an opinion that is still in the works and has not been finalized. Politico obtained and published what it described as a draft Supreme Court majority opinion striking down Roe v. Wade. It was written by conservative Justice Samuel Alito and circulated among the justices in February.

Notably, the opinion is a draft and the court's votes are not final until the formal opinions are officially released. Drafts are often amended and changed based on the input of the other justices. In some instances, justices have switched sides before an opinion is issued, such as when Chief Justice John Roberts flipped and saved Obamacare in 2012.

The opinion in the case in question, Dobbs v. Jackson, is a challenge to Mississippi's 15-week abortion ban. The state had asked the justices to use the case to reverse the 1973 Roe v. Wade ruling -- and the 1992 Planned Parenthood v. Casey ruling upholding Roe -- that together guarantee a right to an abortion before a fetus is viable.

What does the draft mean immediately for abortion rights?

Until a final opinion is released, Roe v. Wade remains the law of the land. Justices can, and have in the past, changed their votes after initial draft opinions are circulated.

But the revelation of where the court is likely headed will undoubtedly supercharge what have been contentious fights in state legislatures over how to prepare for a ruling that overturns Roe and put abortion at the forefront of the national political discourse as the country awaits the final ruling.

What does the draft signal about where the court is going on Roe?

The draft signals that there were at least five votes for overturning Roe when the justices privately convened after the case's oral arguments, which were held in December.

Under normal procedures, by the end of that week, the justices would have met in their private conference to take a preliminary vote on the issue.

They would have gone around the table in order of seniority discussing their views on the case. Roberts, as chief justice, would have gone first. After that initial tally, if the chief was in the majority, he would assign the majority opinion. Otherwise, the most senior justice would have that responsibility. After that, drafts go between justices' chambers. In the past, justices have changed their votes and sometimes a majority opinion ultimately becomes a dissent.

It appears, according to Politico's report, that five justices were willing to vote to overturn Roe. Roberts did not want to completely overturn Roe v. Wade, sources tell CNN. At the same time, he wants to uphold the Mississippi law. That would leave the four justices willing to join an Alito opinion overturning Roe outright to be Justices Clarence Thomas, Neil Gorsuch, Brett Kavanaugh and Amy Coney Barrett.

What will happen to abortion access if the court overrules Roe?

Abortion access would depend on where you live in the country. In the draft opinion, Alito writes that the Constitution makes no reference to abortion and no such right is implicitly protected by any constitutional provision: "It is time to heed the Constitution and return the issue of abortion to the people's representatives."

That would mean state legislatures could choose for themselves how much to restrict abortion access. Several states are poised to implement extreme limits or outright bans on the procedure. Some states have on their books so-called trigger bans, which would put into effect prohibitions on abortion if and when the Supreme Court releases a formal opinion overturning Roe.

Activity around passing restrictive laws in red states picked up after the Dobbs case was taken up for review and after oral arguments suggested the conservative wing may have had five voters to overturn Roe.

For instance, Kentucky and other states passed 15-week bans, like the Mississippi law before the Supreme Court, while other state legislatures sought to bar abortion earlier in the pregnancy. Some of those laws, including Kentucky's, have already been blocked by federal courts that cited the existing Supreme Court abortion precedent that has not yet been overturned.

On the other side of the spectrum, Democratic-led states are considering proposals to shore up abortion rights. Connecticut's legislature recently approved legislation to make abortions easier to obtain in the state and that would protect their abortion provider from the anti-abortion laws of other states. Similar proposals are under consideration in New York, California and elsewhere.

Some purple states might take a middle ground approach, stopping short of banning abortion outright, but limiting at earlier points in the pregnancy than what was previously allowed under the line current precedent draws at viability, a point around 23 weeks into pregnancy.

Airbnb is once again trying to stop people from using its platform to host unauthorized parties ahead of key summer holidays.

The company said Wednesday it will be instituting "strict anti-party measures" for Memorial Day weekend for the first time and will reapply the same approach for July Fourth weekend — something it did last year and said was effective.

The added measures, which will apply to bookings in the U.S. for users without a history of positive reviews, will prohibit users from booking a home for only one night. The company will also restrict some two-night reservations, such as those made locally or last-minute.

Airbnb also said it will add something called "anti-party attestations," which will require guests booking local reservations to confirm they understand its party rules and could be otherwise subject to legal action.

The news comes as Airbnb's business bounced back after being decimated in the early months of the pandemic. Airbnb CEO Brian Chesky told analysts on its first-quarter earnings call Tuesday it is already seeing "strong demand for summer bookings and beyond." However, Airbnb continues to grapple with preventing people from using its platform to book properties and host unauthorized parties — some of which have gotten severely out of hand and made headlines over the years.

Last month, two teens were killed and several other people injured at a large party held at an Airbnb-rented property in Pittsburgh — many of the guests were minors. Airbnb, which said it banned the person who booked the property, told CNN at the time parties aren't allowed, per its rental agreements, and the event was "thrown without the knowledge or consent of the host."

In 2019, Chesky announced a ban on "party houses" after five people were shot and killed at a Halloween party at an Airbnb rental house in Orinda, California. At the time, he said the company was "redoubling our efforts to combat unauthorized parties and get rid of abusive host and guest conduct." Airbnb also launched a 24/7 support hotline to help enforce the ban and began restricting users under the age of 25 from booking home listings in their area if they didn't have a history of positive reviews.

In August 2020, Airbnb announced a global ban on parties and events on Airbnb listings amid the public health crisis, restricting gatherings to a maximum capacity of 16 people.

In its latest announcement, Airbnb touted the effectiveness of its anti-party measures in weeding out questionable bookings around Independence Day weekend last year. It said more than 126,000 guests without histories of positive reviews were unable to book certain reservations during July 4 weekend last year.

"The 4th of July weekend in 2021 was quiet and we saw a substantial decrease in reports of disruptive and unauthorized parties," the company said.

It took two trips over state lines, navigating icy roads and a patchwork of state laws, for a 32-year-old South Dakota woman to get abortion pills last year.

Related video above: Harris: Women's rights in America 'under attack'

For abortion-seekers like her, such journeys, along with pills sent through the mail, will grow in importance if the Supreme Court follows through with its leaked draft opinion that would overturn the landmark Roe v. Wade decision and allow individual states to ban the procedure. The woman, who spoke on the condition of anonymity because she was concerned for her family's safety, said the abortion pills allowed her to end an unexpected and high-risk pregnancy and remain devoted to her two children.

But anti-abortion activists and politicians say those cross-border trips, remote doctors' consultations and pill deliveries are what they will try to stop next.

"Medication abortion will be where access to abortion is decided," said Mary Ziegler, a professor at Florida State University College of Law who specializes in reproductive rights. "That's going to be the battleground that decides how enforceable abortion bans are."

Use of abortion pills has been rising in the U.S. since 2000 when the Food and Drug Administration approved mifepristone — the main drug used in medication abortions. More than half of U.S. abortions are now done with pills, rather than surgery, according to the Guttmacher Institute, a research group that supports abortion rights.

The FDA last year lifted a long-standing requirement that women pick up abortion pills in person. Mail delivery is also now allowed nationwide.

Those moves have spurred online services that offer information on getting abortion pills and consultations to get a prescription. After the woman in South Dakota found that the state's only abortion clinic could not schedule her in time for a medication abortion, she found an online service, called Just The Pill, that advised her to drive across to Minnesota for a phone consultation with a doctor. A week later, she came back to Minnesota for the pills.

She took the first one almost immediately in her car, then cried as she drove home.

"I felt like I lost a pregnancy," she said. "I love my husband and I love my children and I knew exactly what I had to say goodbye to and that was a really horrible thing to have to do."

South Dakota is among several states, including Texas, Kentucky, Arkansas, Ohio, Tennessee and Oklahoma, where Republicans have moved to restrict access to abortion pills in recent months. South Dakota Gov. Kristi Noem said additional, in-person visits for the pills and a ban on them being sent through the mail are needed to protect women and save "unborn children." A total of 19 states require a medical clinician to be physically present when abortion pills are given to a patient.

Besides crossing state lines, women can also turn to internationally-based online pharmacies, said Greer Donley, a professor specializing in reproductive health care at the University of Pittsburgh Law School. Some women also are having prescribed pills forwarded through states without restrictions.

"It allows for someone to have an abortion without a direct role of a provider. It's going to be much harder for states to control abortion access," she said, adding, "The question is how is it going to be enforced?"

Sue Leibel, the state policy director for Susan B. Anthony List, a prominent organization opposed to abortion, acknowledged it's an issue that "has crept up" on Republican state lawmakers.

"This is a new frontier and states are grappling with enforcement mechanisms," she said, adding, "The advice that I always give — if you shut the front door, the pills are going to come in the back door."

Abortion opponents maintain they have no intention of prosecuting women who seek abortions.

Instead, Leibel suggested the next target for state enforcement should be the pharmacies, organizations and clinics that provide the abortion pills. She also said abortion-rights opponents should focus on electing a presidential candidate who would work to reverse the FDA's decision.

The FDA said a scientific review supported broadening access to the drugs and found complications were rare. The agency has reported 26 deaths associated with the drug since 2000, though not all of those can be directly attributed to the medication due to existing health conditions and other factors.

However, with new legal battles on the horizon and abortion seekers going to greater lengths to obtain the procedure, Donley, the law school professor, worried that state lawmakers may eventually turn their attention toward the women who get the pills.

"Many anti-abortion legislators might realize the only way to enforce these laws is to prosecute the pregnant person themselves," she said.

The Federal Reserve's favorite inflation-related adjective used to be transitory, as in: Inflation is transitory and price increases should be temporary.

That is no longer the case. inflation rates have been increasing sharply since August 2021 and have been out of the normal 2%-to-4% range for a full year. The Consumer Price Index rose 8.5% for the year ending in March, a rate that hadn't been seen since December of 1981.

So the central bank has broken up with "transitory" and set its eyes on a new inflation-modifying term: entrenched.

"It's our job to make sure that inflation of that unpleasant high nature doesn't get entrenched in the economy," said Fed Chair Jerome Powell last Wednesday, just after he announced a half-point interest rate hike to combat inflation.

It's unclear what exactly entrenched inflation looks like or how we'll know if we've reached it. The Fed has given very little guidance in general on how long they predict it will take for their interest hikes to lower inflation. "It's a very difficult environment to try to give forward guidance 60, 90 days in advance," said Powell last week. "There are just so many things that can happen in the economy and around the world."

There's nothing investors hate more than uncertainty and as increasing rates pummel U.S. markets, they want more guidance. Americans, who have been hard-hit by rising gas and food prices also want to know when they can finally feel some relief, especially if the Fed's rate hikes risk dragging the economy into a recession.

Looking back: Looking to the past could offer some insight: Although prices have been relatively stable over the past four decades, large swings were not uncommon before the early 1980s.

History (and Fed data) show that the driver of inflation is important in predicting when rates will finally decrease: Prices grew at very rapid rates during World War I and World War II as a result of war-time constraints, but fell again when peacetime resumed.

In the 1970s, the U.S. experienced its longest stretch of heightened inflation. President Richard Nixon removed the dollar from the gold standard and two surges in oil prices pushed inflation rates to 12.3% by late 1974. The Fed began practicing "stop-go" monetary policy, raising benchmark rates as high as 16% and then quickly dropped them again, leading to a cycle in which increased interest rates weren't sustained for long enough to end inflation or increase growth.

By the late 1970s, Federal Reserve Chair Paul Volcker took over and ended that policy. He raised rates and kept them high until inflation came down, throwing the U.S. into recession (its second of the decade) but finally permanently lowering inflation rates, where they remained for the next 40 years.

"I have tremendous admiration for [Volcker]," said Powell last week, when asked about his policy changes. "He had the courage to do what he thought was the right thing."

Looking ahead: So will it take nearly 20 years and two recessions to get us back to normal? Powell certainly doesn't think so. The economy is strong and the unemployment data looks nothing like it did in the 1970s, Powell said. Many believe that we've already reached an inflationary peak and numbers are beginning to flatten.

Analysts often speak of the fears of 1970s stagflation and compare our current situations, but today's inflation is caused by a mixture of global crisis, supply chain disruptions and growth in consumer demand after COVID-lockdowns shut down the economy.

"The inflationary period after World War II is likely a better comparison for the current economic situation than the 1970s and suggests that inflation could quickly decline once supply chains are fully online and pent-up demand levels off," wrote the White House Council of Economic Advisers in a recent white paper.

Still, as growth slows and markets drop, the two S phrases — stagflation and sticky inflation — get thrown around with increasing frequency.

Some investors think the answer is in the middle.

"We expect U.S. inflation to slow over the next two years, but the progress will be very uneven," wrote Bank Of America analysts in a recent not. "There is tentative evidence of an easing of supply chain challenges and we expect 'two steps forward, one step back' process in the next year." But this won't be a decade-long struggle, they predict. Prices should begin to ease by 2023.

House lawmakers released a report Thursday that accuses Tyson and other meatpacking companies of lobbying the USDA against health restrictions and seeking to avoid legal liability while COVID-19 spread among workers. Follow this link to read the full report.

The report from the House Select Subcommittee on the Coronavirus Crisis claims the lobbying efforts "led to policies, guidance, and an executive order that, individually and all together, forced meatpacking workers to continue working despite health risks and allowed companies to avoid taking precautions to protect workers from the coronavirus, ultimately contributing to thousands of worker infections and hundreds of worker deaths."

Lobbying

The report claims that in March and April 2020, Tyson and other companies lobbied the USDA and White House to discourage workers from staying home or quitting. CEOs directly spoke with the Secretary of Agriculture and other officials to ensure that workers were told that if they left their jobs out of worries about the COVID-19 pandemic, they would not receive benefits.

A spokesperson with Tyson declined a request from sister station 40/29 News for an interview. He sent a statement from the company, saying Tyson collaborates with many different federal, state and local officials on pandemic issues. This includes both the Trump and Biden administrations.

The statement says Tyson became one of the first fully-vaccinated workforces in the country last year. and that the health and safety of its workers are the company's top priority.

Protein Supply

According to the report, Tyson and other companies compiled information on their plant operations to convince the USDA that oversight by local health departments and positive COVID-19 test results put the nation's protein supply in danger.

Tyson and Smithfield publicly stated that reduced operations due to plant closings or absent workers would cause a shortage of meat.

The House report states that despite a brief slowdown in production in spring 2020, there was enough pork in cold storage to supply grocery stores for more than a year.

Executive Order

At the same time, the companies lobbied for legal protection against possible lawsuits over workplace conditions during the pandemic, the report states.

Tyson wrote a draft executive order on April 13, 2020, that it believed would protect it and other meat companies from liability. The industry then used backchannels to lobby the White House to have President Donald Trump sign the order. Those lobbying efforts included phone calls between Tyson executives, including CEO Neil White, and administration officials.

Trump signed a final version of the executive order on April 28, 2020. Follow this link to read the order.

Industry Response

"Meatpacking companies knew the risk posed by the coronavirus to their workers and knew it wasn't a risk that the country needed them to take," the report states. "They nonetheless lobbied aggressively — successfully enlisting USDA as a close collaborator in their efforts — to keep workers on the job in unsafe conditions, to ensure state and local health authorities were powerless to mandate otherwise and to be protected against legal liability from the harms that would result."

A statement released by the lobbying group North American Meat Institute claims the subcommittee's report cherry picks data to create a false narrative about the industry.

"The report ignores the rigorous and comprehensive measures companies enacted to protect employees and support their critical infrastructure workers," according to the statement.

The report states that 59,000 workers at Tyson, JBS, Smithfield, Cargill, and National Beef caught COVID-19 in 2020 and 269 died.

Tyson reported a net income of about $2 billion in 2020 and $3 billion in 2021. In an email cited in the report, a meatpacking lobbyist asked a Tyson lobbyist if it was wise to publicly support a tax break for meatpacking corporations, given the high profit margins.

Watch the video above for the full story.

The queen's annual birthday parade, the Trooping the Colour, is coming up quickly. And this year's event is extra special, as it's one of the opening events of the Queen's Platinum Jubilee, a several-day celebration of Elizabeth II's record-breaking reign. Here's what you need to know about the annual royal event, from the history to how you can watch the whole thing go down.

The history

The tradition dates all the way back to King George II, who in 1748 combined the annual summer military march with his birthday celebration—even though he was born in October. Ever since, the reigning monarch has had the option of having an official birthday in the summertime.

So what does "trooping the colour" mean, exactly?

Back in the 1700s, the various regiments would show off their flags, so all the troops would recognize their banners during battle. Hence, "trooping" the "colour."

It's why the queen has two birthdays

It's basically every child's dream come true. On April 21, the actual day of her birth, Elizabeth II celebrates privately, but on June 2 she will mark her "official" birthday publicly with a parade.

It all comes down to the weather. Summer is the only time for a proper parade.

The parade

During the parade, the Queen will inspect her troops. For years, she did this on horseback, but since 1987, she has attended in a carriage.

According to the Telegraph, the annual event features not only 1,500 officers and men, but also 244 horses.

For a cool 360-degree video of the pageantry a few years ago, watch the below:

The balcony appearance

A key part of the Trooping the Colour tradition is the royal family's balcony appearance. While the royal family does from time to time assemble on the balcony of Buckingham Palace for reasons other than the birthday parade, Trooping the Color is the only guaranteed annual appearance, and typically the one with the largest group.

Invitees typically include descendants of the Queen, her sister and her cousins, plus their spouses. The group often tips the 30+ mark, and for the Queen's 90th birthday in 2016, there were over 40 family members gathered.

But this year, only working members of the royal family, and their children will appear on the balcony, meaning the Sussexes and Prince Andrew will be excluded.

What is the 'great replacement' theory & how is it connected to the Buffalo shooting?

Updated: 11:57 PM EDT May 16, 2022

Following Saturday's deadly shooting rampage in Buffalo, N.Y., a 180-page purported manifesto attributed to the suspect has surfaced, which outlines the shooter's motives, details how he had been radicalized and how he "planned to kill as many Blacks as possible," according to officials. The manifesto's author also wrote about something called the "Great Replacement."Sister station KCRA 3 's Brittany Johnson 'Gets the Facts' on what this theory is all about.What is the theory about?The theory has different iterations but in a nutshell, the "great replacement" theory, which is sometimes called "replacement theory," is the belief that your group is being replaced or extinct because another group is growing in number and you see this other group as a threat to your group's existence.The theory goes back centuriesAccording to the Anti-Defamation League, the theory goes back centuries but was popularized by French Author Renaud Camus when he published an essay titled, "Le Grand Remplacement" or "The Great Replacement" in 2011. The term was coined when Camus warned of "reverse colonization" and explained native White Europeans are being replaced by non-White immigrants from Africa and the Middle East. He believes this trend will lead to the "ethnic and civilizational substitution" of the White race in Europe and the West.Great Replacement Theory linked to Buffalo shooting The shooting in Buffalo, NY has been connected to this theory because it was repeatedly referenced in a 180-page document linked to the reported shooter. The author used racist, anti-immigrant and anti-semitic beliefs, and wrote about how he planned to "kill as many blacks as possible," according to NBC News.Great Replacement theory linked to previous mass shootings and terrorist attacks, here are a few:In 2019, a suspect investigators said subscribed to the great replacement theory killed 51 people at two mosques in Christchurch, New Zealand. That same year the man suspected of targeting Latinos in an El Paso Walmart and who is on trial for killing 23 people, who authorities attribute a four-page racist screed that decried a Hispanic "invasion" of Texas and the U.S., and called for ethnic and racial segregation, also subscribed to the great replacement theory. The suspect in the 2018 shooting at a Pittsburgh synagogue "made statements regarding genocide and his desire to kill Jewish people" during the attack, according to prosecutors. Eleven people were killed in the shooting in what the ADL has said is the "deadliest attack on the Jewish community in the U.S."Sister station KCRA 3 spoke with Assistant Professor Milan Obaidi of the University of Oslo in Norway, where he said the great replacement theory has also been used to carry out the 2011 Norway attacks. Obaidi researches violent extremism and radicalization. Sister station KCRA 3 spoke with Obaidi about a recent publication he authored with three other professors titled "The Great Replacement Conspiracy: How the Perceived Ousting of Whites Can Evoke Violent Extremism and Islamophobia."Q: What did you study in relation to this publication?Obaidi: In these studies, we looked at intentions to commit acts of violence toward another group. We didn't look at an actual act of violence, you know that is it clearly and practically impossible. In psychology we usually rely on attitudes, measuring people's attitudes and intentions. So yes, in these studies, we persistently found a link between the idea that your group is being replaced, and people's willingness to support or express extreme attitudes toward other groups. ... The implication of this theory is that it may legitimize violence, because it specifically portrays one group as being a victim of, of being under existential threat, and then it justifies violence as a necessary means to actually avert such threats. It {the theory} justifies the use of violence, because one group is being seen as a victim of being extinct by another or being replaced, and then violence becomes a means to actually prevent this. So, people who believe in this theory, do believe that they will be extinct and then they use violence to justify this or to avert this from happening.Obaidi: These studies were conducted in the Scandinavian context in Norway in Denmark. So, we basically looked at these in these studies, whether the perception that your group is being replaced by another group. With most of it, people also express negative attitudes, but also extreme intentions toward the group that they perceived as replacing their group. We used experiments, but also we run three surveys in these experiments. People are shown video clips of Norwegian TV where they were shown that in Norway in 20 years there will be a large number of this particular group of people and they will actually exceed the number of living Norwegians in certain areas in 20 years and then we were looking at how people would respond to this idea that their group will be shrinking and another group will be increasing in size. We found that the people who were in these replacement, treatment, or conditions also expressed more Islamophobic attitudes toward Muslim minorities in the regional context.Q: Is there always a direct link between believing in this theory and then carrying out an act of violence?Obaidi: It's also important to emphasize I think, that yes, maybe a lot of people believe in this theory, but not everyone would actually do something like, go and shoot other people. So there's not a not always direct link, because then we would probably have a lot of people going around shooting people. I think there are a large number of people who do believe and I mean, we know that the public, mainstream politicians, and media personalities, have touted these kinds of ideas. But it is so important to say that not every person who believes in it would do something such as going and shooting other people. Q: What is the discussion we should be having about this?Obaidi: A discussion would probably whether we see more of these kinds of attacks. Based on previous attacks, we know that there have been a lot of some of these attacks, they've been just copycatting other attackers, and they've been quite heavily inspired by previous attacks. And some of the tactics are quite similar. For example, the Christchurch attack, he was live-streaming his attack. And the same thing happened with the Norwegian attempt terror attack a couple of years ago in Norway, and we saw it Saturday in Buffalo. So there's clearly this group of young, certainly young people who are inspired by each other. My worry is probably, or maybe, a lot of people, whether we will see something similar because it is inspiring other people because this is what happened in recent years. I think that is probably something that most people are worried about these days.

AerCap Holdings, the aircraft leasing giant that is the world's largest owner of jets, lost 113 planes when Russia seized them in response to sanctions triggered by the war in Ukraine.

Related video above: Greek PM to Congress: Russia is testing democracy

The seizures of the planes and 11 jet engines by Russian authorities caused AerCap to take a $2.7 billion pre-tax charge during the quarter, causing the company to report a net loss of $2 billion rather than the $500 million profit it would have made without the hit. But company executives said the quarter was actually a good one and they see better times ahead as global demand for flying continues to recover from the COVID-19 pandemic.

"But for the impact of Russia, this is a strong underlying quarter for the company," said CEO Aengus Kelly in comments to analysts. "Across all our business lines ... we are seeing improving demand, increased utilization of our assets and the improving financial health of our customers."

Investors agreed and shares of Dublin-based AerCap gained 6% in afternoon trading following the report.

The company was able to recover 22 jets and three engines before they were seized by Russian authorities. It has filed insurance claims to seek to recover the lost aircraft, although some of those claims are with Russian insurance companies. Those policies are backed by Western re-insurance companies, but AerCap stated that "the timing and amount of any recoveries under these policies are uncertain."

The company owns a total of 1,624 aircraft, far more than owned or operated any single airline. The jets lost to Russia represented less than 5% of the net value of Aercap's fleet, which grew larger during the pandemic by purchasing rival leasing firm GECAS from General Electric.

Aercap should easily ride out the financial loss of the jets, said Richard Aboulafia, managing director with AeroDynamic Advisory. Even if the war were to end and the sanctions were to be lifted, the planes have lost their operating certificates in the eyes of Western aviation regulators.

"Once the documentation goes, there's very little point in even trying to get them back," he said.

When Russia invaded Ukraine on Feb. 24, Russia's air carriers were operating 861 commercial planes, according to data from aviation analytics firm Cirium. Just over half of those planes, with an estimated market value of $9.2 billion, were owned by non-Russian leasing companies.

Sanctions by multiple countries required international aircraft leasing companies that owned the jets to repossess them by the end of March. An estimated 79 jets were repossessed, but Russia announced it was nationalizing hundreds more.

The continued baby formula shortage has thousands of parents turning to Facebook groups as a way to feed their babies.

To address the shortage that is affecting at least three-fourths of babies in the country, a North Carolina woman is shipping formula across the states.

"I go to the grocery stores and I see what's available, then I stay at the grocery store and I post — there are specific requirements for how you have to post to these groups because some people have been scamming," Maria Shea said, adding that while she receives payment via PayPal after getting the product for parents across the nation, she has also sent out some formula for free if a person can't pay.

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, only 26% of babies in the U.S. are exclusively breastfed, and Priscilla González's 2-month-old twins are among the 74% of babies not exclusively breastfed.

"When we were about to get discharged, I kind of into a panic because my milk hadn't come in and I didn't know what I was going to do," González said.

As she and other parents keep looking for baby formula that they're depending on, she's grateful for the social media community that helped her when she was in a pinch.

"We have a Facebook page and so anytime any of the neighbors go to the store, they post a picture of the formula aisle and post it on the page with a timestamp so that people in the community know where to go if they're looking for a specific one," González said.

However, officials are asking mothers to heed caution when turning to social media as scammers run amock.

"We've seen consumers report scams where they're actually seeing them on social media because it's so easy, whether it's through a direct message or an external link," said Alma Galvan, a marketing manager for the Better Business Bureau.

Galvan said you can report fake ads or websites to the BBB's scam tracker. By doing this, you can stop another parent from being scammed.

Doctors are also sending out a warning against making your own formula or buying breastmilk from the internet.

"It's very risky because you don't know what medications that breastfeeding person is on and all those medications go through the milk and there are certain infections that can pass through the breast milk," said Erik Fernández y García, an associate professor for Clinical Pediatrics at UC Davis.

He also warns against ordering formulas from other countries since those aren't regulated by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration.

The Human Milk Banking Association of North America accredits nonprofit milk banks, including two locations in California.

What to do about homemade, watered-down and imported baby formula

The American Academy of Pediatrics and the Food and Drug Administration is strongly advising against homemade formula since it has already led to infant hospitalizations and death.

Likewise, with watered-down formula, UC Davis Well Newborn Care Medical Director Laura Kair said diluting formula by using too much water can be dangerous to a baby's health.

Infant formula outside of the U.S. does not meet FDA requirements and could be distributed by third-party vendors that are not required to follow U.S. safety standards.

Watch the video above for the full story.

Justin Thomas didn't pay attention to any score but his own Sunday in the PGA Championship, knowing he was seven shots behind but with only six players ahead of him on a Southern Hills course where anything could happen.

He never could have dreamed how it all played out, a chaotic final hour of pressure moments, clutch putts and unimaginable heartache for Mito Pereira.

Thomas hit a shank on the sixth hole. He made a 65-foot birdie putt that began his record-tying comeback. He missed a 10-foot birdie putt on the final hole that he feared would cost him. He never led until one hole remained in his three-hole aggregate playoff with Will Zalatoris.

And when Thomas tapped in for par to capture another PGA Championship title, he stood erect on the 18th green with a mixture of joy and disbelief.

"I was asked early in the week what lead is safe and I said, 'No lead,'" Thomas said. "I can't believe I found myself in a playoff."

Thomas closed with a 3-under 67 that turned out to be enough for a playoff when Pereira, the 27-year-old from Chile in his first PGA Championship who never trailed all day, drove into a creek and made double bogey on the 18th hole to finish one shot behind.

It was the first time since Phil Mickelson at Winged Foot in the 2006 U.S. Open that a player gave away a one-shot lead on the final hole to lose a major.

"Sad to hit it in the water," Pereira said. "I mean, I wish I could do it again."

Just like his first PGA title at Quail Hollow in 2017, the signature shot for Thomas came on the 17th hole. It was the second hole of the aggregate playoff. He drilled a 3-wood on the 301-yard par 4 to 35 feet for a two-putt birdie, his first lead of the day.

Zalatoris, whose must-make 8-footers for birdie and par on the final two holes of regulation got him into the playoff with a 71, couldn't deliver in overtime. His 8-foot birdie putt on the 17th in the playoff missed, and he couldn't catch Thomas at the end.

Zalatoris looked like he had thrown away his chances for a first major — and first PGA Tour victory — when he three-putted from just outside 20 feet on the 16th hole. But he responded with a birdie from the bunker at the 17th and holed an 8-foot par putt on the 18th for a 71.

He joined Thomas at 5-under 275, and they played on when Pereira faltered.

Thomas, who had gone 14 months since his last victory at The Players Championship last year, now has a PGA Tour win in each of his last eight years and moves to No. 5 in the world.

His second major came when he least expected it.

None of the six players ahead of him had ever won a major. Thomas knew that. He was in the longest drought since his first PGA Tour title. He was aware of that, too.

"I remember how tough it is now to win, so I knew I was going to be nervous and I knew they'd be feeling the exact same thing," Thomas said. "You just don't know what's going to happen."

John Mahaffey in the 1978 PGA Championship at Oakmont was the other player to come from seven shots behind on the final day. He also won in a playoff over Tom Watson and Jerry Pate.

Thomas was still seven shots behind when he made his remarkable run, a mixture of key birdies and keeping mistakes off his card. It started with an improbable birdie putt from just short of the green to a back pin on the par-3 11th. He edged closer with an 18-foot birdie on the next hole.

He was lurking, while the leading pack behind him was leaking oil.

Zalatoris and Cameron Young each caught Pereira, ever so briefly. All of them found trouble in the rough and the sand and the greens.

Pereira was on the cusp of becoming Chile's first major champion, and giving South America the career Grand Slam.

Even after five bogeys, he never lost the lead and delivered clutch par saves from the bunker left of the ninth green and from well behind the 10th green. None was bigger than his 12-foot putt on the 16th to stay one shot ahead.

It all came undone with one swing.

His sawed-off swing with the driver, so effective on the previous hole, peeled to the right and into the creek down the right side of the 18th fairway. After a penalty drop, his approach up the hill started left and never cut back, landing in the rough. His chip rolled off the back edge of the green.

His double bogey gave him a 75, a hard-luck end to such a promising week.

"On Monday, I just wanted to make the cut. On Sunday, I wanted to win," Pereira said. "I'll take this to learn for the future."

Young, whose father is a longtime PGA professional, also will look back at missed chances. Playing with Zalatoris, a former roommate at Wake Forest, Young was in the mix all day and was briefly tied for the lead. His hopes ended on the 16th when he found a bunker right of the green, blasted out weakly to 30 feet and three-putted for a double bogey. He closed with a 71.

Rory McIlroy made a brief run with four straight birdies on the front nine, putting him at 4-under par for the tournament. He was 2 over the rest of the way and finished eighth.

In eight majors at Southern Hills, it was first time a player rallied from any margin to win, and it was only the second playoff. Retief Goosen won the other in the 2001 U.S. Open after he three-putted from 12 feet on the final hole. At least he got another chance, unlike Pereira.

Six of the seven previous major champions at Southern Hills are in the World Golf Hall of Fame. The 29-year-old Thomas, now with two majors among his 15 career PGA Tour victories, is surely headed there one day.

Some 90,0000 people in the United States are awaiting a kidney donation. One California mother took it into her own hands to try and get a donor, and you've probably already seen her plea for help.

Along northbound Interstate 5 by the Sacramento International Airport stands a billboard.

"I need a kidney transplant," said Cynthia Hall.

Hall hopes that with her billboard she will reach the right person.

"Six years ago, I got a call from my doctor that my kidneys are severely damaged," Hall said.

Her husband Art said they knew they would reach the point where they needed to expand their outreach one day.

"We have been doing a homegrown campaign, if you will," Art said. "Making flyers, putting them up at businesses. We have done social media campaigns. I thought I need to take this to the next level to see what's possible to do and that's where I thought I would try a billboard."

That's when Marquee Media received a call from a friend who heard about the Hall family.

"When we formed our company, we wanted to have business with purpose. This is the highest purpose we can probably do," said Jeff Joaquin with Marquee Media.

There are 11 billboards across the Sacramento, California, region, reaching about 2 million people every week. There are also dozens of billboards across the country.

"We help companies and brands sell products, help their businesses along, but we can have a higher calling to help somebody get a kidney and save a life, it's just something immeasurable," Joaquin said.

The Hall family hopes it raises more awareness about kidney diseases.

"There are millions of people out there with this disease and they do not know they have it," Cynthia said.

"If anything comes of all this, besides her getting a kidney donor, is raising the awareness of kidney disease out there," Art said.

The hope is that on their four-year wedding anniversary, they will get the call that will give Cynthia a second chance at life.

"It means the world to us and my son, he's 14. I want to see him go to college, I want to see him get married, I want to be with him and this will give me a chance to live my life to the fullest," Cynthia said.

If you would like to help you can reach the Hall family at akidneyforcynthia@gmail.com or at 916-276-7603.

Watch the video above for the full story.

On May 28, 1977, one of the deadliest fires in America claimed the lives of 165 people and injured more than 200 others in the Beverly Hills Supper Club fire. Five firefighters were among the 200 injured.

The incident remains the third-deadliest nightclub fire in U.S. history and is the Cincinnati area’s deadliest fire.

Debate continues about the cause of the fire, which some believe was a case of arson.

Code violations, limited fire exits, faulty wiring and overcrowding played a role in the high death count.

Survivors filed more than $1.8 billion worth of lawsuits.

Watch the video above for the full story.

Police officials in Iowa say a shooting took place outside of a church in Ames, about 40 miles away from Des Moines. They received multiple 911 calls at 6:51 p.m. on Thursday. Two people and the male shooter are dead. Officials said they believe the shooting took place in the parking lot of the church.

Sister station KCCI spoke with Capt. Nick Lennie with the Story County Sheriff's Office earlier regarding the shooting.

"There was a program going on. We do have other individuals inside the church. We do not have any other information at this point if anybody else was injured in this. We are working through the process of investigating this incident and speaking with the others inside the church," Lennie said.

There are currently no reports of others being injured and the motive is unclear.

The sheriff's office said there is not an ongoing threat to the public.

Church Pastor Mike Vance released the following statement:

"Tonight, a tragic shooting occurred involving two young members of our Cornerstone Church community. Due to the ongoing investigation, we are not able to give any details at this time. We can say, however, that we are more than saddened by the events that transpired. Our hearts break for all involved, and we are praying for everyone affected. Our Ministry staff are available to support all those impacted, and we will continue to fully cooperate with authorities as they complete their full investigation.

"We sincerely appreciate the responsiveness of the Story County Sheriff's Department, Ames PD, and all Law Enforcements Officials who have handled this matter with exceptional professionalism and compassion. Please join us in praying for all affected and their families.

"For anyone interested, we will be holding a prayer service tomorrow, June 3, 2022, at 10 AM, at Cornerstone Church of Ames, 56829 US HWY 30, Ames, IA, 50010. All are welcome to attend in-person or join us online at cornerstonelife.com/live."

Gov. Kim Reynolds released the following statement via Facebook:

“Tonight’s act of senseless violence took the lives of two innocent victims at their place of worship. Kevin and I grieve for their families who have suffered an unfathomable loss. And while the investigation continues and we learn more, we ask that Iowans pray for the victims and their families, the members of Cornerstone Church, and the entire Ames community.”

At 99, iconic producer Norman Lear doesn't want to quit working. Can work help us all live longer?

Updated: 9:22 PM EDT Jun 4, 2022

American producer, writer and director Norman Lear, creator of such iconic 1970s television characters as the bigoted blowhard Archie Bunker in the sitcom "All in the Family," turns 100 in July.On Thursday, at an early celebration for Lear at the Life Itself conference, a health and wellness event presented in partnership with CNN, he told the audience his secrets to living to a ripe old age: Lox and bagels, the love of his family, laughter and a life of invigorating work."I like getting up in the morning with something on my mind, something I can work on ... to some conclusion," Lear said.Over the last century, Lear has done it all. He was executive producer of the cult movie classics "The Princess Bride" and "Fried Green Tomatoes" and was nominated for an Academy Award for best screenplay for "Divorce American Style." His sitcom spinoffs of "All in the Family" dominated '70s and '80s television, tackling topics of racism, feminism and social inequalities no one had yet dared touch. His political advocacy even led to the establishment of the liberal political organization People for the American Way.Even in his 90s, a time when most people who live that long are lucky to be rocking on their front porch, Lear has never stopped working. Along with Jimmy Kimmel, a 95-year-old Lear produced and hosted three episodes of "Live in Front of a Studio Audience," which won Primetime Emmy Awards in 2019 and 2020. The series used current stars such as Jamie Fox, Woody Harrelson and Viola Davis to re-create original episodes of "The Jeffersons," "All in the Family" and "Good Times."In recent years, Lear and his business partner Brent Miller rebooted some of his '70s sitcom successes, including "One Day at a Time." They also have several movies and other projects in the works.One secret to his work longevity, Lear has said, is his attitude toward stress. During his '70s sitcom heyday, Lear was juggling up to hit eight successful television series: "All in the Family," "Maude," "Sanford and Son," "Good Times," "The Jeffersons," "One Day at a Time," "Archie Bunker's Place" and "Mary Hartman, Mary Hartman."Yet in his 2014 book, "Even This I Get to Experience," Lear wrote that period of his life was full of "joyful stress.""Even doing your best work and enjoying the results of that, there is a reasonable amount to a great amount of stress," Lear told Variety last year. "And if one can learn to accept that joyfully, one can be stressed and understand that he or she is having a good time also. And so, I've enjoyed an awful lot of that through my career."The science of stressResearch shows that stress can be good for you -- especially if you share Lear's attitude. Viewing stress as a normal, acceptable and even positive part of life can lead to resilience, and just like rock, paper, scissors ... resilience covers stress.But does that mean everyone should follow Lear's lead and work long past the traditional retirement age?"Research shows people who work longer are healthier and people who are healthier work longer. So, it's really tempting to look at that correlation and be like, 'Ah, this means that working longer will make you live longer.' But it's much more complicated," said sociologist Beth Truesdale, a research fellow at the W.E. Upjohn Institute for Employment Research."If you're in a job where you have control over your working environment and can make choices that allow you to take care of your family, then you're lucky, and in that case, job stress can be challenging but satisfying," she said. "But for many people, especially those without college degrees, jobs are incredibly stressful because they have very little control."

Why do we sleep? Scientists try to answer the question

Updated: 11:42 PM EDT Jun 4, 2022

It’s strange when you think about it: Human beings spend nearly a third of their lives lying down with their eyes closed, dead to the world. But we have a biological need for sleep because it delivers numerous unbeatable benefits; it gives us more energy, reduces stress, and bolsters the immune system. While we sleep, our bodies also repair cells and fine-tune hormone levels.Related video above: Americans Want Better Sleep! Here Are Some Ways They’re Trying to Get That Done“Sleep affects almost every tissue in our bodies,” Dr. Michael Twery, a sleep expert, writes in a blog post for the National Institutes of Health. “It affects … our immune system, appetite, breathing, blood pressure, and cardiovascular health.” On the flipside, not sleeping enough can have disastrous consequences on our wellbeing. Drowsy people are much more likely to make poor decisions and be involved in traffic accidents. And chronic sleep deprivation can lead to a weakened immune system and increase your risk of developing depression.These are all compelling reasons to hit the sack, but they don’t completely explain why humans spend 8 hours unconscious and paralyzed each night. As noted sleep scientist Allan Rechtschaffen once said, “if sleep doesn’t serve some vital function, it is the biggest mistake evolution ever made.” For decades, scientists have been trying to solve the mystery of why humans sleep, with four possible theories paving the way: the inactivity theory, the energy conservation theory, the restorative theory, and the brain plasticity theory. Inactivity TheorySometimes referred to as the “adaptive” or “evolutionary” theory, the inactivity theory was one of scientists’ first stabs at an explanation behind sleep, made back in the 1920s, before scientists had started sleep labs or discovered rapid eye movement. The idea is that for animals, night is a vulnerable time, when darkness makes it difficult to move safely or avoid predators. Lying still and silent was a good way to avoid danger until morning. Through evolution, the theory posits, this strategy eventually morphed into what we now call sleep. The inactivity theory has one glaring problem, though: falling unconscious at night would have heightened vulnerability and made it nearly impossible to react to danger. Energy Conservation Theory This theory suggests that the primary function of sleep is to cut down on the amount of energy an animal needs and how much it uses. For most of us today, grabbing a snack is generally a simple task, but for ancient humans, finding food required a ton of time and effort. Sleeping through the night—a time when hunting was challenging and hazardous anyway—was a good strategy to conserve energy.This theory is backed up by research that shows when humans are asleep, their metabolism slows by approximately 10% (this figure is higher in other species). For example, both body temperature and caloric demands drop while we sleep. Many researchers consider the energy restoration theory to be part and parcel of the inactivity theory.Restorative TheoryAfter a long night of sleep, we often feel not just rested, but restored. Some scientists think that physical and cognitive restoration is actually why we sleep. The restorative theory has gained steam in recent years thanks to a slew of convincing animal and human studies. For instance, in Rechtschaffen’s experiments, carried out in the late 1980s, lab animals deprived entirely of sleep lost all immune function and died in a matter of weeks. Scientists have also discovered that most restorative functions—including muscle and tissue repair, protein synthesis, and the release of growth hormones—occur while humans sleep.Additionally, it appears sleep somehow boosts our immune system. A 2009 Carnegie Mellon University study showed that people who got seven or fewer hours of sleep each night were about three times more likely to become ill when exposed to the common cold than those who got 8 hours or more. But it’s not just your body that’s rejuvenated while you catch your Z’s. When you are awake, a chemical called adenosine accumulates in your brain. A byproduct of cellular activity, it’s adenosine that is thought to make us feel tired; as more builds up during the day, the more tired we become. During sleep, the body clears adenosine from the brain, allowing us to feel refreshed and alert when the alarm goes off.Brain Plasticity TheoryOne of the newest and most exciting theories about why we sleep is based on research that suggests sleep is correlated to changes in the structure and organization of the brain, a phenomenon known as brain plasticity. This theory, sometimes called the information consolidation theory, forwards the idea that during sleep, our brain sorts through the information we have acquired that day, throwing out data we don’t need and storing the rest in long-term memories. Several studies support this notion, demonstrating that sleep deprivation has a negative impact on our ability to learn and recall information.Scientists still aren’t exactly sure how sleep and memories are connected, though many researchers think that the brainwaves during different stages of sleep may be correlated with certain types of memories, such as memories that preserve facts and others that preserve procedures. The brain plasticity theory may explain why infants and young children, whose brains are still developing, need so much sleep. Infants, for example, spend up to 16 hours a day asleep, and much of that time is spent in REM sleep, the stage during which most dreams occur.Whether sleep transforms our brains or conserves precious calories, scientists are unlikely to discover one, indisputable reason behind sleep. In fact—while these theories may have distinct names and proponents—the reason why we sleep is likely a combination of these ideas, or quite simply, all of the above.

Starbucks workers at an Ithaca, New York, store claim their location is being shut down in retaliation for their union activism.

The worker committee said it is filing an Unfair Labor Practice charge with the National Labor Relations Board, alleging that Starbucks is making a "clear attempt to scare workers across the country," a press release from the Starbucks Workers United said.

On Friday, Starbucks informed employees in its College Avenue location near Cornell University that the store will close in one week, according to the press release.

In April, all three Starbucks locations in Ithaca voted to unionize, making Ithaca the company's first fully unionized city within the United States, according to the union press release.

On April 16, workers at the College Avenue store went on strike, claiming "unsafe working conditions" due to a "waste emergency" caused by an overflowing grease trap, the union said.

Nadia Vitek, a barista at the soon-to-be-closed location, claimed the grease trap had been an ongoing problem creating an "awful" smell that even customers could notice. They said there was oil all over the shop's floor.

"Now they're closing the store and the only concrete reason that they're giving us is the grease trap," Vitek said. "And it feels blatant when you connect the dots."

On Friday, the store's district manager held a meeting with the staff on Microsoft Teams to announce the store closure, Vitek said.

"I was shaking as I was hearing them say the news," Vitek said. "They didn't even explain in the call that it was a permanent closure. I got that in an email from the anti-union lawyer that Starbucks has."

A company spokesperson said Starbucks opens and closes stores as part of its regular operations. They did not comment on specific reasons for the Ithaca closure or answer any questions beyond the statement.

"Our local, regional and national leaders have been working with humility, deep care and urgency to create the kind of store environment that partners and customers expect of Starbucks," the Starbucks spokesperson said. "Our goal is to ensure that every partner is supported in their individual situation and we have immediate opportunities available in the market."

But some Starbucks workers at the location are concerned about having enough hours, as the other stores in the area are already struggling, Vitek said.

"Starbucks is continuing a divide-and conquer-strategy. But, you know, even though we're grieving, we're all ready to fight," Vitek said.

Workers United, an affiliate of the Service Employees International Union which is supporting the Starbucks employees, has also filed dozens of complaints against the coffee giant.

"It's a violation of federal labor law to close a store because workers exercised their legal rights," Ian Hayes, an attorney for Starbucks Workers United wrote in a statement to CNN Business. "We ... have no doubt the NLRB will prosecute the company for this illegal union busting, and justice will be done."

More than 800 people across the U.S. have been charged in the Jan. 6 riot at the U.S. Capitol, which left officers bloodied and sent lawmakers into hiding, and federal authorities continue to make new arrests practically every week.

Related video above: AP Explains: Panel subpoenas five GOP lawmakers

The charges against members of the angry pro-Trump mob range from low-level misdemeanors for those who only entered the Capitol to felony seditious conspiracy charges against far-right extremists.

It's the largest prosecution in the history of the Justice Department, whose leader, Attorney General Merrick Garland, has vowed to hold accountable "all January 6th perpetrators, at any level."

As the U.S. House committee investigating the attack prepares to hold a series of public hearings to detail its findings, here's a look at where the criminal cases stand:

____

WHO HAS BEEN CHARGED?

Authorities have arrested people in practically all 50 states in connection with the riot. They include former police officers and U.S. military veterans, a five-time Olympic swimming medalist and the son of a New York City judge.

Hundreds of people who went inside but didn't take part in any destruction or violence are facing only misdemeanor crimes like picketing in the Capitol and disorderly conduct that call for up to six months behind bars.

More than 250 people have been charged with assaulting or impeding law enforcement who were trying to protect the Capitol, including more than 85 accused of using a deadly or dangerous weapon or causing serious bodily injury to an officer. Others have been accused of assaulting members of the media — one an Associated Press photographer — or destroying media equipment.

The most serious cases have been brought against members of two far-right extremist groups, the Oath Keepers and Proud Boys.

The leaders of both groups have been arrested and remain locked up while they await trial later this year for seditious conspiracy, which alleges a plot to forcibly oppose the lawful transfer of presidential power. The rarely used Civil War-era charge calls for up to 20 years in prison.

WHO HAS BEEN CONVICTED?

More than 300 people have pleaded guilty to a slew of crimes, including conspiracy and assault. Among them are three Oath Keepers who have admitted to seditious conspiracy, are cooperating with investigators and could testify against their fellow extremists at trial.

There have been seven trials so far in the District of Columbia's federal court. The first five juries convicted the riot defendants of all charges.

The convicted include Thomas Webster, a 20-year New York Police Department veteran who attacked an officer during the riot. Webster claimed he was defending himself when he tackled the officer and grabbed his gas mask.

Jurors also rejected the defense of an Ohio man who claimed he was only "following presidential orders" from former President Donald Trump when he stormed the Capitol. Dustin Byron Thompson was convicted of obstructing Congress from certifying the electoral vote and other charges.

A judge decided two other cases without a jury, acquitting one of the defendants and partially acquitting the other.

U.S. District Court Judge Trevor McFadden, who was appointed by Trump, convicted Otero County, New Mexico, Commissioner Couy Griffin of illegally entering restricted Capitol grounds, but acquitted him of engaging in disorderly conduct.

In the other misdemeanor case, McFadden found Matthew Martin of New Mexico not guilty of charges that he illegally entered the Capitol and engaged in disorderly conduct, saying it was reasonable for Martin to believe that outnumbered police officers allowed him and others to enter through the Rotunda doors.

WHAT ABOUT THE PUNISHMENTS?

Nearly 200 people have been sentenced so far. The punishments have ranged from probation to more than five years behind bars. About 100 people who were charged with lower level crimes have avoided going to prison, although some of those received time in home detention.

The longest sentence — more than five years — was given to Robert Palmer of Largo, Florida, who threw a wooden plank and sprayed a fire extinguisher at officers before hurling the fire extinguisher at them.

Others who received lengthy sentences include Jacob Chansley, the spear-carrying rioter whose horned fur hat, bare chest and face paint made him one of the more recognizable figures in the attack. Chansley, who called himself "QAnon Shaman," got about 31/2 years behind bars after admitting to entering the Senate chamber and writing a note to Vice President Mike Pence that said: "It's only a matter of time, justice is coming."

WHAT'S NEXT?

The two most high-profile trials — involving the Oath Keepers and Proud Boys — are expected to take place this summer and fall.

Henry "Enrique" Tarrio, who was once the Proud Boys' top boss, and four others linked to the group were charged on Monday with seditious conspiracy after previously facing other conspiracy counts. They are scheduled to stand trial beginning Aug. 9.

Tarrio, who has since stepped down from his post as the group's chairman, was arrested in a separate case two days before the riot and was not at the Capitol on Jan. 6. But he is accused of helping put into motion the violent attack.

The trial for the Oath Keepers leader, Stewart Rhodes, and four other members and associates the group is scheduled to start Sept. 26. Prosecutors say the Oath Keepers plotted for weeks to try to overturn the election results and prepared for a siege by purchasing weapons and setting up battle plans.

Authorities are still searching for many suspects, including the person who planted two pipe bombs outside the offices of the Republican and Democratic national committees the night before the melee.

Gas station owner helps customers save money by selling gas for less than he buys it

Updated: 3:07 AM EDT Jun 10, 2022

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These pumps are getting *** lot of use lately. This is literally the only place in Phoenix where you can get it under like 550 right now, it's *** sign of the times, but driving by *** gas station and seeing 5 19 *** gallon is *** bargain in phoenix right now, finding gas at an affordable prices. James McGary lives right down the street from this station. He comes here twice *** week to fill up. There's no point in going anywhere else while people like James are saving at the pumps, the owner is losing money. I never counted how much, how much jess Winder Singh is buying gas from his supplier at 5 66 *** gallon, but he sells it for 47 cents less. Around 1000 gallons are pumped here each day. So Singh is actually losing out are nearly 500 bucks *** day, but he says it's worth it. Singh and his wife are working extra hours right now to try and lessen the blow from the lower prices, helping others is their lifestyle and it's appreciated. My mother, my father did teach us to help if you have something you have to share with other people. I am super thankful, I'm grateful that it's here

Gas station owner helps customers save money by selling gas for less than he buys it

Updated: 3:07 AM EDT Jun 10, 2022

Gas prices keep going up and it's hurting everyone.A gas station owner in Phoenix, Arizona, is helping his customers save money by selling gas for less than he buys it.He's losing hundreds of dollars a day but the owner says it's worth it.The owner and his wife are working extra hours right now to try and lessen the blow from the lower prices.Watch the video above for the full story.

PHOENIX —

Gas prices keep going up and it's hurting everyone.

A gas station owner in Phoenix, Arizona, is helping his customers save money by selling gas for less than he buys it.

He's losing hundreds of dollars a day but the owner says it's worth it.

The owner and his wife are working extra hours right now to try and lessen the blow from the lower prices.

Watch the video above for the full story.