Indiana abortion clinic operators filed a lawsuit Tuesday seeking to block the state’s near-total ban on abortions.The lawsuit filed in a Monroe County court claims the ban, set to take effect on Sept. 15, “strips away the fundamental rights of people seeking abortion care” in violation of the Indiana Constitution. It argues the law “will infringe on Hoosiers’ right to privacy, violate Indiana’s guarantee of equal privileges and immunities, and includes unconstitutionally vague language.”Indiana’s Republican-dominated Legislature approved the tighter abortion restrictions on Aug. 5, making it the first state to do so since the U.S. Supreme Court eliminated federal abortion protections for abortions by overturning Roe v. Wade in June. The Indiana law includes exceptions, allowing abortions in cases of rape and incest, before 10 weeks post-fertilization; to protect the life and physical health of the mother; and if a fetus is diagnosed with a lethal anomaly. Under the law, abortions can be performed only in hospitals or outpatient centers owned by hospitals, meaning all abortion clinics would lose their licenses. Any doctors found to have performed an illegal abortion would be stripped of their state medical licenses and could face felony criminal charges punishable by up to six years in prison.Indiana’s ban followed the political firestorm over a 10-year-old rape victim who traveled to the state from neighboring Ohio to end her pregnancy. The case gained wide attention when an Indianapolis doctor said the child came to Indiana because of Ohio’s “fetal heartbeat” ban.The leader of Indiana’s most prominent anti-abortion group argued the state constitution protects life as among the “inalienable rights.”“We are confident the state will prevail and pray the new law is not blocked from going into effect on September 15, knowing that any delay will mean the indiscriminate killing of unborn children will continue at abortion clinics across Indiana,” Indiana Right to Life CEO Mike Fichter said in a statement.

Lawmakers in South Carolina passed an abortion ban while a judge in Montana was weighing restrictions there in the latest developments in the shifting landscape of law since the U.S. Supreme Court last year overturned Roe v. Wade and the nationwide right to abortion.

Here's what to know.

BACK TO THE SENATE IN SOUTH CAROLINA

In conservative South Carolina, Republicans have been butting heads — sometimes dramatically — on how far to go with abortion bans.

The state Senate on Tuesday passed the latest effort to impose a ban on abortion after about six weeks of pregnancy, before many women know they're pregnant. The vote sent the bill to the governor, who has promised to sign it.

The three Republican women in the Senate joined all Democrats in voting against the bill. The House approved the ban last week, after an earlier effort narrowly fell short on procedural votes.

Lawmakers in conservative-dominated Nebraska have taken a similar path, with intraparty disputes until a 12-week ban was passed last week as part of a bill that would also ban gender-affirming care for those under 19. Republican Gov. Jim Pillen signed the bill Monday, and the abortion restrictions took effect immediately.

COURTS STEP IN AGAIN IN MONTANA

Montana Republican Gov. Greg Gianforte signed a ban last week on dilation and evacuation abortions, which are normally performed in the second trimester of pregnancy. Within days, a judge temporarily blocked enforcement of the ban. On Tuesday, the judge issued a preliminary injunction, which blocks the law while the case moves its way through the courts.

The judge on Tuesday also granted to preliminary injunctions to one rule and several other laws.

The rule and one of the laws require prior authorization before Montana's Medicaid will pay for abortions. Another law says public funds cannot be used to pay for most abortions. And another requires an ultrasound before performing an abortion, which opponents say effectively blocks telehealth medication abortions in the state.

Those are not the only abortion restrictions in the state before the courts.

Montana in 2021 adopted a broader ban on abortions after 20 weeks of pregnancy, but the state Supreme Court ruled that it will not enforce it pending a court challenge. That left some abortions legal until viability, around the 24th week.

GROUPS REACT TO SHIFTING TERRAIN

Planned Parenthood and Susan B. Anthony Pro-Life America, groups on opposite sides of the abortion policy debates, both announced initiatives Tuesday.

The national Planned Parenthood group, a federation of regional organizations that share the name and provide abortion care, sexually transmitted infection tests, cancer screenings and other health services, announced a strategy shift. It is laying off 10% to 15% of its national staff and sending more money to its affiliates. The plan is to improve health equity for Black people and to bolster services both in states with bans and those that are serving more abortion-seeking patients traveling from places with bans.

The group's political arm also expects to focus on state politics.

Susan B. Anthony, a major opponent of abortion, announced it's working with Kellyanne Conway, a former adviser to President Donald Trump, to "get pro-life candidates on offense in the 2024 election cycle."

Last year, abortion access advocates prevailed on all six abortion-related statewide ballot initiatives in the U.S.

PURPLE STATE POLICY

Since the Supreme Court's Dobbs ruling, tighter abortion restrictions have been enacted in most Republican-controlled states and protections of abortion access have gone into effect in most that are dominated by Democrats.

In the 11 states where government control is divided between Republicans and Democrats, the story has not been so uniform. Virginia has kept its status quo, for instance, while Vermont has adopted a constitutional amendment to preserve abortion access and Louisiana and Kentucky have bans in place.

Video below: North Carolina GOP overrides veto of 12-week abortion limit

Change came quickly in North Carolina in April when one state lawmaker flipped from Democrat to Republican, giving the GOP enough votes to override gubernatorial vetoes.

Lawmakers promptly passed a ban that's less restrictive than most — allowing abortion for the first 12 weeks of pregnancy. Democratic Gov. Roy Cooper vetoed it. But lawmakers on May 16 overrode that veto, so the ban will take effect July 1.

The new law includes several other provisions that medical experts have criticized, including more medical and paperwork requirements for physicians, new licensing requirements for abortion clinics and increasing how many times patients must make an in-person visit to a physician ahead of obtaining the abortion pill.

COURT ARGUMENTS ON AN ABORTION PILL

Most of the legal battles on abortion since the Dobbs decision in 2022 have centered on whether individual state constitutions protect the right to abortion.

But at least one lawsuit has implications nationally.

An anti-abortion group sued seeking to rescind the U.S. Food and Drug Administration's 2000 approval of mifepristone, one of two drugs used in combination in most medication-induced abortions in the U.S.

A federal judge in Texas agreed. The New Orleans-based 5th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals heard arguments last week. In the meantime, the U.S. Supreme Court has said that mifepristone can remain on the market. It is already barred from being used in abortions, with some exceptions, in states with bans in place.

It's not clear when the appeals court will rule. The case is expected to return to the nation's top court eventually. The Texas-based case could be merged with one in Washington, where another federal judge ruled last month that mifepristone restrictions cannot be rolled back in a group of Democrat-led states that filed lawsuits.

THE TALLY

Fourteen states currently have bans on abortion at all stages of pregnancy, one when cardiac activity can be detected around six weeks, and three at 12 to 15 weeks. Of those 17 states with the tightest restrictions, 12 do not have exceptions in cases of rape or incest. They all have exceptions to save the life of the woman in at least some circumstances.

Video below: Nebraska's governor signed abortions and transgender youth restrictions into law

At least six states have bans that courts have paused.

One more state, North Carolina, has a ban after 12 weeks of pregnancy that doesn't take effect until July 1.

The abortion bans also apply to prescribing pills to induce abortions. But only in South Carolina and Texas is it illegal to self-manage abortions.